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Pengguna:Sabjan Badio

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20 November 2024

11 November 2024

  • 12.0311 November 2024 12.03 Pulang (riw | sunting) [448 bita] Najla Khairani Siregar (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Kepergian dengan tujuan terbaik Hari terbaik Bercampur dengan hari memilukan Tak terbayangkan Wajah mala tak terelakkan Suara serak terabaikan Nuraga tak lagi berarti Rahsa tak tahu lagi Dulu menutup diri dari pasang mata Sedia membuka lembar baru Namun, atma nirmala dipanggil ilahi Hingga hilang jiwa dan raga Sungguh ironi lanjutan kisah barumu Kau telah bersama-Nya Kembali pada-Nya')

10 November 2024

7 November 2024

1 November 2024

  • 16.071 November 2024 16.07 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 13 (riw | sunting) [49.796 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter XIII. America and the Philippines. Beginning of a New Era.—With the passing of the Spanish sovereignty to the Americans, a new era began in the Philippines. Already the old Spanish rule seems so far removed that we can begin to think of it without feeling and study it without prejudice. Development of the United States of America.—The American nation is the type of the New World. Beginning in a group of colonies, planted half a century later than t...')
  • 16.061 November 2024 16.06 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 12 (riw | sunting) [44.749 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter XII. Progress and Revolution. 1837–1897. Progress during the Last Half-Century of Spanish Rule.—We have now come to the last half-century and to the last phase of Spanish rule. In many respects this period was one of economic and social progress, and contained more of promise than any other in the history of the Islands. During this last half-century the Spanish rulers had numerous plans for the development and better administration of the Philippin...')
  • 16.041 November 2024 16.04 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 11 (riw | sunting) [42.444 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter XI.The Philippines During the Period of European Revolution. 1762–1837. The New Philosophy of the Eighteenth Century.—The middle of the eighteenth century in Europe was a time when ideas were greatly liberalized. A philosophy became current which professed to look for its authority not to churches or hereditary custom and privilege, but to the laws of God as they are revealed in the natural world. Men taught that if we could only follow nature we cou...')
  • 16.031 November 2024 16.03 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 10 (riw | sunting) [31.418 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter X.A Century of Obscurity and Decline. 1663–1762. Political Decline of the Philippines.—For the hundred years succeeding the abandonment of the Moluccas, the Philippines lost all political significance as a colony. From almost every standpoint they were profitless to Spain. There were continued deficits, which had to be made good from the Mexican treasury. The part of Spain in the conquest of the East was over, and the Philippines became little more t...')
  • 16.021 November 2024 16.02 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 9 (riw | sunting) [37.459 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter IX. The Dutch and Moro Wars. 1600–1663. Loss of the Naval Power of Spain and Portugal.—The seizure of Portugal by Philip II. in 1580 was disastrous in its consequences to both Portugal and Spain. For Portugal it was humiliation and loss of colonial power. Spain was unequal to the task of defending the Portuguese possessions, and her jealousy of their prosperity seems to have caused her deliberately to neglect their interests and permit their decline...')
  • 16.001 November 2024 16.00 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 8 (riw | sunting) [47.429 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter VIII. The Philippines Three Hundred Years Ago. Condition of the Archipelago at the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century.—The Spanish Rule Completely Established.—At the close of the sixteenth century the Spaniards had been in possession of the Philippines for a generation. In these thirty-five years the most striking of all the results of the long period of Spanish occupation were accomplished. The work of these first soldiers and missionaries estab...')
  • 15.581 November 2024 15.58 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 7 (riw | sunting) [45.154 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter VII.Period of Conquest and Settlement, 1565–1600. Cause of Settlement and Conquest of the Philippines.—The previous Spanish expeditions whose misfortunes have been narrated, seemed to have proved to the Court of Spain that they could not drive the Portuguese from the Moluccas. But to the east of the Moluccas lay great unexplored archipelagoes, which might lie within the Spanish demarcation and which might yield spices and other valuable articles of t...')
  • 15.551 November 2024 15.55 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 6 (riw | sunting) [27.602 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter VI.The Spanish Soldier and the Spanish Missionary. History of the Philippines as a Part of the History of the Spanish Colonies.—We have already seen how the Philippines were discovered by Magellan in his search for the Spice Islands. Brilliant and romantic as is the story of that voyage, it brought no immediate reward to Spain. Portugal remained in her enjoyment of the Eastern trade and nearly half a century elapsed before Spain obtained a settlement i...')
  • 15.541 November 2024 15.54 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 5 (riw | sunting) [28.728 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter V.The Filipino People Before the Arrival of the Spaniards. Position of Tribes.—On the arrival of the Spaniards, the population of the Philippines seems to have been distributed by tribes in much the same manner as at present. Then, as now, the Bisaya occupied the central islands of the archipelago and some of the northern coast of Mindanao. The Bicol, Tagálog, and Pampango were in the same parts of Luzon as we find them to-day. The Ilocano occupied th...')
  • 15.521 November 2024 15.52 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 4 (riw | sunting) [39.637 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter IV.The Great Geographical Discoveries. An Eastern Passage to India.—The Portuguese.—We have seen in the last chapter how Venice held a monopoly of the only trading-route with the Far East. Some new way of reaching India must be sought, that would permit the traders of other Christian powers to reach the marts of the Orient without passing through Mohammedan lands. This surpassing achievement was accomplished by the Portuguese. So low at the present...')
  • 15.501 November 2024 15.50 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 3 (riw | sunting) [27.778 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter III.Europe and the Far East about 1400 A.D. The Mediæval Period in Europe.—Length of the Middle Age.—By the Middle Ages we mean the centuries between 500 and 1300 A.D. This period begins with the fall of the Roman Empire and the looting of the Imperial City by the rude German tribes, and ends with the rise of a new literature, a new way of looking at the world in general, and a passion for discovery of every kind. These eight hundred years had be...')
  • 15.481 November 2024 15.48 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 2 (riw | sunting) [20.406 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter II.The Peoples of the Philippines. The Study of Ethnology.—The study of races and peoples forms a separate science from history, and is known as ethnology, or the science of races. Ethnology informs us how and where the different races of mankind originated. It explains the relationships between the races as well as the differences of mind, of body, and of mode of living which different people exhibit. All such knowledge is of great assistance to the...')
  • 15.451 November 2024 15.45 Sejarah Filipina/Bab 1 (riw | sunting) [28.303 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Chapter I.The Philippines as a Subject for Historical Study. Purpose of this Book.—This book has been written for the young men and young women of the Philippines. It is intended to introduce them into the history of their own island country. The subject of Philippine history is much broader and more splendid than the size and character of this little book reveal. Many subjects have only been briefly touched upon, and there are many sources of information, old...')
  • 15.431 November 2024 15.43 Sejarah Filipina/Kata pengantar (riw | sunting) [1.896 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Preface This book has been prepared at the suggestion of the educational authorities for pupils in the public high schools of the Philippines, as an introduction to the history of their country. Its preparation occupied about two years, while the author was busily engaged in other duties,—much of it being written while he was traveling or exploring in different parts of the Archipelago. No pretensions are made to an exhaustive character for the book. For the w...')
  • 15.421 November 2024 15.42 Sejarah Filipina (riw | sunting) [572 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi 'Kata pengantar Bab 1 Bab 2 Bab 3 Bab 4 Bab 5 Bab 6 Bab 7 Bab 8 Bab 9 Bab 10 Bab 11 Bab 12 [...')
  • 07.561 November 2024 07.56 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 11 (riw | sunting) [40.175 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER XI.}}}} {{center|{{fine|SOCIAL DIVISIONS—MARRIAGE—FUNERALS—MEDICINE—FESTIVALS. }}}} In Tibet there are three distinct classes among the people, lay and clerical, which are determined by birth and social position, and each of these has three sub-divisions.[1] They are as follows:— First, or highest class, Rab:— 1.—Rab-kyi rab. The king, members of the royal family, and incarnate lamas who have appeared many times on ear...')
  • 07.541 November 2024 07.54 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 10 (riw | sunting) [13.867 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER X.}}}} {{center|{{fine|VISIT TO SAKYA AND RETURN TO INDIA.}}}} On November 30, 1882, I said farewell to Tashilhunpo, and, accompanied by Phurchung and Gopon, my recent guide to Samye, I started for Sakya, from which place I proposed returning to Darjiling by way of Khamba djong and the Kongra lamo pass. The country was now bare, the brown rocks, the gravelly soil, and the distant snow-covered mountains, added additional bleakness to...')
  • 07.511 November 2024 07.51 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 9 (riw | sunting) [39.900 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER IX.}}}} {{center|{{fine|FUNERAL OF THE PANCHEN RINPOCHE.—VISIT TO THE GREAT LAMASERY OF SAMYE AND TO YARLUNG.}}}} On September 19 the minister left Dongtse, and I despatched Ugyen once more to the Rigyal Shendar monastery to obtain further information on the Bonbos and their religion. I myself went to Gyantse, where I was most kindly received by the Chyag-dso-pa and his family. The Chyag-dso-pa of Gyantse has under his superintende...')
  • 07.461 November 2024 07.46 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 8 (riw | sunting) [34.416 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER VIII.}}}} {{center|{{fine|RETURN TO TASHILHUNPO AND UGYEN-GYATSO'S VISIT TO THE BONBO SANCTUARY OF RIGYAL SENDAR.}}}} The bells of the Jo khang were ringing and the great trumpets of Tangye-ling were summoning the lamas to early morning service, when, on June 13, I took from the roof of our house a last look at the gilded spires and red walls of Potala, and started out for Tashilhunpo. I noticed near our lodgings a number of women dra...')
  • 07.441 November 2024 07.44 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 7 (riw | sunting) [49.977 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER VII.}}}} {{center|{{fine|GOVERNMENT OF LHASA—CUSTOMS, FESTIVALS, ETC.}}}} The Dalai lama's[1] position resembles that held until lately by the Pope in the Christian world. He is believed by the Northern Buddhists to be the Buddha’s Vice-regent incarnate on earth, and the spiritual protector of Tibet. He is known as Tug-je chenpo Shenrezig, or the Most merciful Avalokiteswara. He never dies, though at times, displeased with the sin...')
  • 07.421 November 2024 07.42 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 6 (riw | sunting) [41.482 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER VI.}}}} {{center|{{fine|RESIDENCE AT LHASA.}}}} Preceded by Pador carrying his long lance and by Tsing-ta driving the pack-pony, we entered the city. The policemen (korchagpa)[1] marked us as new-comers, but none of them questioned us. My head drooped with fatigue, my eyes were hidden by dark goggles, and the red pagri around my head made me look like a Ladaki. Some people standing in front of a Chinese pastry shop said, as I passed,...')
  • 07.371 November 2024 07.37 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 5 (riw | sunting) [50.731 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{center|{{larger|CHAPTER V.}}}} {{center|{{fine|FROM TASHILHUNPO TO YAMDO SAMDING, AND THENCE TO LHASA.}}}} On Wednesday, April 26, 1882, being the eighth day of the third moon of the water-horse year of the Tibetan cycle, I left Tashilhunpo for Dongtse, there to make my final arrangements for the journey to Lhasa. The cook, Dao-sring, nicknamed Aku chya-rog, or "Uncle Daw," on account of the dirt and soot which always covered his face, now turned out with w...')
  • 07.321 November 2024 07.32 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 4 (riw | sunting) [36.149 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{dhr|8}} {{c|{{larger|CHAPTER IV.}}}} {{c|{{fine|RESIDENCE AT TASHILHUNPO, AND PREPARATIONS FOR JOURNEY TO LHASA.}}}} January 13.—The money we had brought from Darjiling being almost expended, we were now in the necessity of selling the pearls and gold we had brought with us. I therefore sent Ugyen to the market to inquire of Lupa gyaltsan, with whom we had left some tolas of pearls for sale, if he had been able to dispose of them. Lupa gyaltsan told him tha...')
  • 07.291 November 2024 07.29 Sebuah Perjalanan ke Lhasa dan Tibet Tengah/Bab 3 (riw | sunting) [74.231 bita] Glorious Engine (bicara | kontrib) (←Membuat halaman berisi '{{dhr|10em}} {{c|{{larger|CHAPTER III.}}}} {{c|{{fine|JOURNEY TO DONGTSE.}}}} December 26.—We were up early, finishing our letters and getting Phurchung ready for his journey to the Sikkim frontier. After tea I sent Ugyen to the market to buy provisions for our journey, and he brought back a large quantity of ping, a piece of mutton, and vegetables, and also purchased some fresh gya-tug (vermicelli), of which I had become very fond. Two strong ponies were wa...')
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